” We can definitely find productive employment for all the 36 million people by launching certain missions like Bio-Diesel generation through plants such as , Pongamia Pinnata on Dry Land and Herbal Farming in the available 33 million hectares of waste land earmarked for cultivation.”
Dr. ABDUL KALAM
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WHY JATROPHA CURCAS ?
Introduction :
Being Leading organisation in Jatropha Plantation in India on Commercial basis we proposes draf varieties like Jatropha, Karanj as a Biofuel Feedstock on Barren Land.
Jatropha Plantation in India
Jatropha Curcas, also known as Ratanjot, Van Erand, and Moghal Erand, is a profitable crop that can be cultivated in stony, gradient sandy oil. People use its oil in soaps, cosmetics, candles, wool, plastics, and synthetic fibers. Jatropha also has medicinal properties.
Botanical Features:
It is a small tree or shrub with smooth gray bark that exudes a whitish-colored, watery latex when cut. Normally, it grows between three and five meters in height, but can attain a height of up to eight or ten meters under favourable conditions.
Leaves : It has large green to pale-green leaves, alternate to sub-opposite, three-to fivelobed with a spiral phyllotaxis.
Flowers : The petiole length ranges between 6-23 mm. The leaf axil forms the inflorescence.Individuals form flowers terminally. Female flowers usually slightly larger and occurs in the hot seasons. In conditions where continuous growth occurs, an unbalance of pistillate or staminate flower production results in a higher number of female flowers.
Fruits : The shrub produces fruits in winter when it is leafless. It may produce several crops during the year if soil moisture is good and temperatures are sufficiently high. Each inflorescence yields a bunch of approximately 10 or more ovoid fruits. The seeds mature and the fleshy exocarp dries to form a three, bi-valved cocci.
Seeds : The seeds become mature when the capsule changes from green to yellow after two to four months of fertilization. The blackish, thin shelled seeds are oblong and resemble small castor seeds.
Medicinal Plant : The latex of Jatropha curcas (VanaErand or RatanJyot) contains an alkaloi. It is believe that “jatrophine” has anti-cancerous properties. It is also used as an external application for skin diseases, and rheumatism, and for sores on domestic livestock. In addition, People use the tender twigs of the plant for cleaning teeth. Use the juice of the leaf as an external application for piles. Finally, They use the roots as an antidote for snake-bites.
Ratanjot Plantation
Types of Lands Where It Can Grow With Advantage and Potential of Plantation The list of advantages mentioned above makes Jatropha plantations very attractive on the kinds of lands mentioned below. The potential for coverage of each kind of land in India is as follows:
Forests cover 69 million hectares, of which 38 million hectares are dense forests and 31 million hectares are understocked. Of this, 14 million hectares of forests are under Joint Forestry Management. About 3.0 million hectares (notional) of land in forests should easily fall under the Jatropha curcas (VanaErand or RatanJyot) plantation.
142 million hectares of land are under agriculture. It will be reasonable to assume that farmers will like to put a hedge around 30 million hectares of their fields for protection of their crops. It will amount to 3.0 million hectares (notional) of Jatropha curcas (VanaErand or RatanJyot) plantation.
Agro-forestry is expected to be adopted by the cultivators. Considerable land is held by absentee land lords who will be attracted to Jatropha curcas as it does not require looking after and gives a net income of Rs 15,000 per hectare. Two million hectares of significant jatropha plantations are anticipated.
The 24 million hectares of cultivable lands, including 10 million hectares of current and 14 million hectares of other fallows, are expected to be planted with Jatropha curcas. The Ministry of Rural Development is assessing the potential of 2 million hectares of plantation on wastelands under poverty alleviation programs.
On vast stretches of public land along railway tracks, roads, and canals. One million hectares of notional coverage with Jatropha curcas (VanaErand or RatanJyot) is a reasonable assessment. On the basis of the above analysis, it should be reasonable to assume that, with proper extension, research, availability of planting material, and funds, plantation of Jatropha curcas (VanaErand or RatanJyot) on 13.4 million hectares of land is feasible in the immediate future. Institutional finance for private plantations and governmental allocations for public lands will have to be provided.
The program aims to include low-fertility soils in its program, potentially bringing a significant portion of these lands under Jatropha curcas plantations. It will result in their (degraded) rehabilitation as well.
Jatropha Life Cycle
The comparison of properties of Jatropha Curcas (VanaErand or RatanJyot) Oil and standard specifications of Diesel oil
| Specification | Jatropha Curcas Oil | Diesel |
| Specific gravity | 0.9186 | 0.82/0.84 |
| Flash point | 240/110°C | 50°C |
| Carbon residue | 0.64 | 0.15 or less |
| Cetane value | 51.0 | 50.0 up |
| Distillation point | 295°C | 350°C |
| Kinematics Viscosity | 50.73 cs | 2.7 cs up |
| Sulfur | 0.13 % | 1.2 % or less |
| Calorific value | 9,470 kcal/kg | 10,170 kcal/kg |
| Pour point | 8°C | 10°C |
| Colour | 4.0 | 4 or less |
| Viscosity (cp) (30°C) | 52.6 (5.51) | 3.60 |
Reference Links
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1) Watch Youtube : ShirkeBiofuel Presentation
